The relationship between cutter condition and instantaneous ROP is not linear, with instantaneous ROP dropping exponentially with dulling cutters due to vastly reduced point loading and distribution of WOB. This is especially true for more challenging applications such as abrasive sands and volcanic formations, which tend to wear out the cutters on the bit very quickly. The trade-off in pushing the drill bit to its limit by drilling as fast as possible through increasing the weight on bit (WOB) and rotations per minute (RPM) manifests itself in the degradation of penetration rates due to worn cutters. Blazingly fast instantaneous ROP on the dial may not be the optimal way to drill simply because such high instantaneous ROP may not be sustainable. However, one must be careful to distinguish between a high “instantaneous” and high “overall” ROP. When compared to similar “offset” runs drilling through comparable formations and application, a higher ROP signifies that the formation is being drilled at a faster rate, saving on rig time and thus indicating a more efficient operation. The rate of penetration (ROP) is a key performance indicator for the overall efficiency of the drilling operation. We mainly discuss polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) fixed-cutter drill bits due to their prevalence in modern drilling programs. In this article, we will discuss some of the main objectives of proper drill bit selection and relevant drill bit designs. It is therefore critical that the drilling engineer understands the interrelatedness of drill bit design and common drilling objectives. Attention to detail is crucial, as a small design tweak can cause an unintended and undesirable impact on the overall costs and objectives of the well. ![]() ![]() Thousands of drill bit designs exist in the industry, each designed to best drill under a certain scenario. One of the fundamental ways a drilling engineer can achieve this is through selection of a proper drill bit.Īs the primary piece of equipment performing the mechanical work of rock drilling, the type of drill bit used plays an essential role in the drilling operation’s overall efficiency. With rig rates running upwards of a million dollars a day for some operations, shaving even a few minutes off the drilling time can result in tens of thousands of dollars in savings. The often-sidelined drilling optimization process plays a vital role in helping companies minimize the cost of complex operations and mitigating certain risks that cannot be overlooked.Īt its core, drilling optimization is about drilling in the most efficient way possible to meet all drilling objectives while minimizing overall drilling costs. As boreholes have gotten deeper and lithologies harder and more complex, however, controlling the costs of these operations has become increasingly challenging. Drilling procedures, drilling fluids program, cementing program, drilling hazards-These are some of the most common considerations for a drilling engineer when designing a drilling program.
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